贝克抑郁自评问卷

贝克抑郁自评问卷（Beck depression rating scale，简称 BDI）由美国著名心理学家Beck于1961年编制，后被广泛应用于临床流行病学调查。BDI早年的版本为21项，其项目内容源自临床。后来发现，有些抑郁症患者，特别是严重抑郁者，不能很好完成21项评定。因此，Beck于1974年推出了13项版本。

第二版于1996年出版（BDI-II），是一个更符合当前抑郁症诊断标准的修订版，由21个条目组成。

内容简介

BDI各项均为0~3分四级评分，无该项症状=0分；轻度=1分；中度=2分；严重=3分。具体为每一项（问题），均有4个短句，让被试选择最符合他当时心情或情况的一项。

计分方法与解释

BDI只有单项分和总分两项统计指标，可以用总分来区分抑郁症状的有无及其严重程度：0~4（基本上）无抑郁症状，5~7为轻度，8~15为中度，16以上为严重。

量表英文版

BDI

This depression inventory can be self-scored. The scoring scale is at the end of the questionnaire.

1.

• 0 I do not feel sad.
• 1 I feel sad
• 2 I am sad all the time and I can't snap out of it.
• 3 I am so sad and unhappy that I can't stand it.

2.

• 0 I am not particularly discouraged about the future.
• 1 I feel discouraged about the future.
• 2 I feel I have nothing to look forward to.
• 3 I feel the future is hopeless and that things cannot improve.

3.

• 0 I do not feel like a failure.
• 1 I feel I have failed more than the average person.
• 2 As I look back on my life, all I can see is a lot of failures.
• 3 I feel I am a complete failure as a person.

4.

• 0 I get as much satisfaction out of things as I used to.
• 1 I don't enjoy things the way I used to.
• 2 I don't get real satisfaction out of anything anymore.
• 3 I am dissatisfied or bored with everything.

5.

• 0 I don't feel particularly guilty
• 1 I feel guilty a good part of the time.
• 2 I feel quite guilty most of the time.
• 3 I feel guilty all of the time.

6.

• 0 I don't feel I am being punished.
• 1 I feel I may be punished.
• 2 I expect to be punished.
• 3 I feel I am being punished.

7.

• 0 I don't feel disappointed in myself.
• 1 I am disappointed in myself.
• 2 I am disgusted with myself.
• 3 I hate myself.

8.

• 0 I don't feel I am any worse than anybody else.
• 1 I am critical of myself for my weaknesses or mistakes.
• 2 I blame myself all the time for my faults.
• 3 I blame myself for everything bad that happens.

9.

• 0 I don't have any thoughts of killing myself.
• 1 I have thoughts of killing myself, but I would not carry them out.
• 2 I would like to kill myself.
• 3 I would kill myself if I had the chance.

10.

• 0 I don't cry any more than usual.
• 1 I cry more now than I used to.
• 2 I cry all the time now.
• 3 I used to be able to cry, but now I can't cry even though I want to.

11.

• 0 I am no more irritated by things than I ever was.
• 1 I am slightly more irritated now than usual.
• 2 I am quite annoyed or irritated a good deal of the time.
• 3 I feel irritated all the time.

12.

• 0 I have not lost interest in other people.
• 1 I am less interested in other people than I used to be.
• 2 I have lost most of my interest in other people.
• 3 I have lost all of my interest in other people.

13.

• 0 I make decisions about as well as I ever could.
• 1 I put off making decisions more than I used to.
• 2 I have greater difficulty in making decisions more than I used to.
• 3 I can't make decisions at all anymore.

14.

• 0 I don't feel that I look any worse than I used to.
• 1 I am worried that I am looking old or unattractive.
• 2 I feel there are permanent changes in my appearance that make me look unattractive
• 3 I believe that I look ugly.

15.

• 0 I can work about as well as before.
• 1 It takes an extra effort to get started at doing something.
• 2 I have to push myself very hard to do anything.
• 3 I can't do any work at all.

16.

• 0 I can sleep as well as usual.
• 1 I don't sleep as well as I used to.
• 2 I wake up 1-2 hours earlier than usual and find it hard to get back to sleep.
• 3 I wake up several hours earlier than I used to and cannot get back to sleep.

17.

• 0 I don't get more tired than usual.
• 1 I get tired more easily than I used to.
• 2 I get tired from doing almost anything.
• 3 I am too tired to do anything.

18.

• 0 My appetite is no worse than usual.
• 1 My appetite is not as good as it used to be.
• 2 My appetite is much worse now.
• 3 I have no appetite at all anymore.

19.

• 0 I haven't lost much weight, if any, lately.
• 1 I have lost more than five pounds.
• 2 I have lost more than ten pounds.
• 3 I have lost more than fifteen pounds.

20.

• 0 I am no more worried about my health than usual.
• 1 I am worried about physical problems like aches, pains, upset stomach, or constipation.
• 2 I am very worried about physical problems and it's hard to think of much else.
• 3 I am so worried about my physical problems that I cannot think of anything else.

21.

• 0 I have not noticed any recent change in my interest in sex.
• 1 I am less interested in sex than I used to be.
• 2 I have almost no interest in sex.
• 3 I have lost interest in sex completely.

INTERPRETING THE BECK DEPRESSION INVENTORY

Now that you have completed the questionnaire, add up the score for each of the twenty-one questions by counting the number to the right of each question you marked. The highest possible total for the whole test would be sixty-three. This would mean you circled number three on all twenty-one questions. Since the lowest possible score for each question is zero, the lowest possible score for the test would be zero. This would mean you circles zero on each question.

You can evaluate your depression according to the Table below.

Total Score____________________Levels of Depression

1-10____________________These ups and downs are considered normal

11-16___________________ Mild mood disturbance

17-20___________________Borderline clinical depression

21-30___________________Moderate depression

31-40___________________Severe depression

over 40__________________Extreme depression

BDI-II

Instructions: This questionnaire consists of 21 groups of statements. Please read each group of statements carefully. And then pick out the one statement in each group that best describes the way you have been feeling during the past two weeks, including today. Circle the number beside the statement you have picked. If several statements in the group seem to apply equally well, circle the highest number for that group. Be sure that you do not choose more than one statement for any group, including Item 16 (Changes in Sleeping Pattern) or Item 18 (Changes in Appetite).

1. Sadness

• 0. I do not feel sad.
• 1. I feel sad much of the time.
• 2. I am sad all the time.
• 3. I am so sad or unhappy that I can't stand it.

2. Pessimism

• 0. I am not discouraged about my future.
• 1. I feel more discouraged about my future than I used to.
• 2. I do not expect things to work out for me.
• 3. I feel my future is hopeless and will only get worse.

3. Past Failure

• 0. I do not feel like a failure.
• 1. I have failed more than I should have.
• 2. As I look back, I see a lot of failures.
• 3. I feel I am a total failure as a person.

4. Loss of Pleasure

• 0. I get as much pleasure as I ever did from the things I enjoy.
• 1. I don't enjoy things as much as I used to.
• 2. I get very little pleasure from the things I used to enjoy.
• 3. I can't get any pleasure from the things I used to enjoy.

5. Guilty Feelings

• 0. I don't feel particularly guilty.
• 1. I feel guilty over many things I have done or should have done.
• 2. I feel quite guilty most of the time.
• 3. I feel guilty all of the time.

6. Punishment Feelings

• 0. I don't feel I am being punished.
• 1. I feel I may be punished.
• 2. I expect to be punished.
• 3. I feel I am being punished.

7. Self-Dislike

• 0. I feel the same about myself as ever.
• 1. I have lost confidence in myself.
• 2. I am disappointed in myself.
• 3. I dislike myself.

8. Self-Criticalness

• 0. I don't criticize or blame myself more than usual.
• 1. I am more critical of myself than I used to be.
• 2. I criticize myself for all of my faults.
• 3. I blame myself for everything bad that happens.

9. Suicidal Thoughts or Wishes

• 0. I don't have any thoughts of killing myself.
• 1. I have thoughts of killing myself, but I would not carry them out.
• 2. I would like to kill myself.
• 3. I would kill myself if I had the chance.

10. Crying

• 0. I don't cry anymore than I used to.
• 1. I cry more than I used to.
• 2. I cry over every little thing.
• 3. I feel like crying, but I can't.

11. Agitation

• 0. I am no more restless or wound up than usual.
• 1. I feel more restless or wound up than usual.
• 2. I am so restless or agitated, it's hard to stay still.
• 3. I am so restless or agitated that I have to keep moving or doing something.

12. Loss of Interest

• 0. I have not lost interest in other people or activities.
• 1. I am less interested in other people or things than before.
• 2. I have lost most of my interest in other people or things.
• 3. It's hard to get interested in anything.

13. Indecisiveness

• 0. I make decisions about as well as ever.
• 1. I find it more difficult to make decisions than usual.
• 2. I have much greater difficulty in making decisions than I used to.
• 3. I have trouble making any decisions.

14. Worthlessness

• 0. I do not feel I am worthless.
• 1. I don't consider myself as worthwhile and useful as I used to.
• 2. I feel more worthless as compared to others.
• 3. I feel utterly worthless.

15. Loss of Energy

• 0. I have as much energy as ever.
• 1. I have less energy than I used to have.
• 2. I don't have enough energy to do very much.
• 3. I don't have enough energy to do anything.

16. Changes in Sleeping Pattern

• 0. I have not experienced any change in my sleeping.
• 1a I sleep somewhat more than usual.
• 1b I sleep somewhat less than usual.
• 2a I sleep a lot more than usual.
• 2b I sleep a lot less than usual.
• 3a I sleep most of the day.
• 3b I wake up 1-2 hours early and can't get back to sleep.

17. Irritability

• 0. I am not more irritable than usual.
• 1. I am more irritable than usual.
• 2. I am much more irritable than usual.
• 3. I am irritable all the time.

18. Changes in Appetite

• 0. I have not experienced any change in my appetite.
• 1a My appetite is somewhat less than usual.
• 1b My appetite is somewhat greater than usual.
• 2a My appetite is much less than before.
• 2b My appetite is much greater than usual.
• 3a I have no appetite at all.
• 3b I crave food all the time.

19. Concentration Difficulty

• 0. I can concentrate as well as ever.
• 1. I can't concentrate as well as usual.
• 2. It's hard to keep my mind on anything for very long.
• 3. I find I can't concentrate on anything.

20. Tiredness or Fatigue

• 0. I am no more tired or fatigued than usual.
• 1. I get more tired or fatigued more easily than usual.
• 2. I am too tired or fatigued to do a lot of the things I used to do.
• 3. I am too tired or fatigued to do most of the things I used to do.

21. Loss of Interest in Sex

• 0. I have not noticed any recent change in my interest in sex.
• 1. I am less interested in sex than I used to be.
• 2. I am much less interested in sex now.
• 3. I have lost interest in sex completely.

贝克抑郁量表（Beck depression rating scale）

贝克抑郁自评问卷（Beck depression rating scale）