本站将于近期进行系统升级及测试，您目前浏览的网站为旧版备份，因此可能会有部分显示和功能错误，为此带来的不便深表歉意。

90项症状清单

来自心百科，心灵的百科全书
（重定向自症状自评量表）

90项症状清单（symptom check list 90，简称 SCL-90），又称90项症状核校表、症状自评量表，为了解病人问题的范围，以便计划治疗，观察症状的消长情况而使用，由Derogatis编制于1973年。

SCL-90为标准版本，此外还有SCL-58和SCL-35等简易本。

理论背景

量表内容

本量表共90个项目，包含有较广泛的精神症状学内容，从感觉、情感、思维、意识、行为直至生活习惯、人际关系、饮食睡眠等均有涉及。每一个项目均采用5级评分制。

  • 无：自觉无该项症状（或问题），记1分。
  • 轻度：自觉有该项症状，但对受检者并无实际影响或影响轻微，记2分。
  • 中度：自觉有该项症状,对受检者有一定影响，记3分。
  • 偏重：自觉常有该项症状,对受检者有相当程度的影响，记4分。
  • 严重：自觉该症状的频度和强度都十分严重,对受检者的影响严重，记5分。

计分方法及解释

各因子分及其意义

1.  躯体化：包括1、4、12、27、40、42、48、49、52、53、56和58，共12项。该因子主要反映主观的身体不适感。

2.  强迫症状：包括3、9、10、28,38、45、46、51、55和65，共10项，反映临床上的强迫症状群。

3.  人际关系敏感：包括6、21、34、36、37、41、61、69和73，共9项。主要指某些个人不自在感和自卑感，尤其是在与他人相比较时更突出。

4.  抑郁：包括5、14、15、20、22、26、29、30、31、32、54、71和79，共13项。反映与临床上抑郁症状群相联系的广泛的概念。

5.  焦虑：包括2、17、23、33、39、57、72、78、80和86，共10项。指在临床上明显与焦虑症状相联系的精神症状及体验。

6.  敌对：包括11、24、63、67、74和81，共6项。主要从思维、情感及行为3个方面来反映病人的敌对表现。

7.  恐怖：包括13、25、47、50、70、75和82，共7项。它与传统的恐怖状态或广场恐怖所反映的内容基本一致。

8.  偏执：包括8、18、43、68、76和83，共6项。主要是指猜疑和关系妄想等。

9.  精神病性：包括7、16、35、62、77、84、85、87、88和90，共10项。其中有幻听、思维播散、被洞悉感等反映精神分裂样症状项目。

10.  其他：包括19、44、59、60、64、66和89，共7项，未能归入上述因子，它们主要反映睡眠及饮食情况。在有些资料分析中将之归为因子10“其他”。

统计指标

1.  单项分：90个项目的单项评分值。

2.  总分：90个单项分之和。

3.  总均分：总分除以90。

4.  阳性项目数：单项分＞2的项目数。表示病人在多少项目中呈现“有症状”。

5.  阴性项目数：单项分=1的项目数。表示病人“无症状”的项目有多少。

6.  阳性症状均分：阳性项目总分除以阳性项目数；另一种计算方法为（总分-阴性项目数）除以阳性项目数。表示病人在所谓阳性项目，即“有症状”项目中的平均得分，反映该病人自我感觉不佳的项目其严重程度究竟介于哪个范围。

7.  因子均分：计算各个因子的平均得分，将各因子得分除以该因子的项目数。

信度和效度

量表英文版

Below is a list of problems and complaints that people sometimes have. Please read each one carefully. After you have done so, select one of the numbered descriptors that best describes HOW MUCH THAT PROBLEM HAS BOTHERED OR DISTRESSED YOU DURING THE PAST WEEK, INCLUDING TODAY. Circle the number in the space to the right of the problem and do not skip any items. Use the following key to guide how you respond:

  • Circle 0 if your answer is NOT AT ALL
  • Circle 1 if A LITTLE BIT
  • Circle 2 if MODERATELY
  • Circle 3 if QUITE A BIT
  • Circle 4 if EXTREMELY
NOT AT ALL A LITTLE BIT MODERATELY QUITE A BIT EXTREMELY
1. Headaches 0 1 2 3 4
2. Nervousness or shakiness inside 0 1 2 3 4
3. Unwanted thoughts, words, or ideas that won't leave your mind 0 1 2 3 4
4. Faintness or dizziness 0 1 2 3 4
5. Loss of sexual interest or pleasure 0 1 2 3 4
6. Feeling critical of others 0 1 2 3 4
7. The idea that someone else can control your thoughts 0 1 2 3 4
8. Feeling others are to blame for most of your troubles 0 1 2 3 4
9. Trouble remembering things 0 1 2 3 4
10. Worried about sloppiness or carelessness 0 1 2 3 4
11. Feeling easily annoyed or irritated 0 1 2 3 4
12. Pains in heart or chest 0 1 2 3 4
13. Feeling afraid in open spaces or on the streets 0 1 2 3 4
14. Feeling low in energy or slowed down 0 1 2 3 4
15. Thoughts of ending your life 0 1 2 3 4
16. Hearing voices that other people do not hear 0 1 2 3 4
17. Trembling 0 1 2 3 4
18. Feeling that most people cannot be trusted 0 1 2 3 4
19. Poor appetite 0 1 2 3 4
20. Crying easily 0 1 2 3 4
21. Feeling shy or uneasy with the opposite sex 0 1 2 3 4
22. Feeling of being trapped or caught 0 1 2 3 4
23. Suddenly scared for no reason 0 1 2 3 4
24. Temper outbursts that you could not control 0 1 2 3 4
25. Feeling afraid to go out of your house alone 0 1 2 3 4
26. Blaming yourself for things 0 1 2 3 4
27. Pains in lower back 0 1 2 3 4
28. Feeling blocked in getting things done 0 1 2 3 4
29. Feeling lonely 0 1 2 3 4
30. Feeling blue 0 1 2 3 4
31. Worrying too much about things 0 1 2 3 4
32. Feeling no interest in things 0 1 2 3 4
33. Feeling fearful 0 1 2 3 4
34. Your feelings being easily hurt 0 1 2 3 4
35. Other people being aware of your private thoughts 0 1 2 3 4
36. Feeling others do not understand you or are unsympathetic 0 1 2 3 4
37. Feeling that people are unfriendly or dislike you 0 1 2 3 4
38. Having to do things very slowly to insure correctness 0 1 2 3 4
39. Heart pounding or racing 0 1 2 3 4
40. Nausea or upset stomach 0 1 2 3 4
41. Feeling inferior to others 0 1 2 3 4
42. Soreness of your muscles 0 1 2 3 4
43. Feeling that you are watched or talked about by others 0 1 2 3 4
44. Trouble falling asleep 0 1 2 3 4
45. Having to check and double-check what you do 0 1 2 3 4
46. Difficulty making decisions 0 1 2 3 4
47. Feeling afraid to travel on buses, subways, trains 0 1 2 3 4
48. Trouble getting your breath 0 1 2 3 4
49. Hot or cold spells 0 1 2 3 4
50. Having to avoid certain things, places, or activities because they frighten you 0 1 2 3 4
51. Your mind going blank 0 1 2 3 4
52. Numbness or tingling in parts of your body 0 1 2 3 4
53. A lump in your throat 0 1 2 3 4
54. Feeling hopeless about the future 0 1 2 3 4
55. Trouble concentrating 0 1 2 3 4
56. Feeling weak in parts of your body 0 1 2 3 4
57. Feeling tense or keyed up 0 1 2 3 4
58. Heavy feelings in your arms or legs 0 1 2 3 4
59. Thoughts of death or dying 0 1 2 3 4
60. Overeating 0 1 2 3 4
61. Feeling uneasy when people are watching or talking about you 0 1 2 3 4
62. Having thoughts that are not your own 0 1 2 3 4
63. Having urges to beat, injure, or harm someone 0 1 2 3 4
64. Awakening in the early morning 0 1 2 3 4
65. Having to repeat the same actions such as touching, counting, washing 0 1 2 3 4
66. Sleep that is restless or disturbed 0 1 2 3 4
67. Having urges to break or smash things 0 1 2 3 4
68. Having ideas or beliefs that others do not share 0 1 2 3 4
69. Feeling very self-conscious with others 0 1 2 3 4
70. Feeling uneasy in crowds, such as shopping or at a movie 0 1 2 3 4
71. Feeling everything is an effort 0 1 2 3 4
72. Spells of terror or panic 0 1 2 3 4
73. Feeling uncomfortable about eating or drinking in public 0 1 2 3 4
74. Getting into frequent arguments 0 1 2 3 4
75. Feeling nervous when you are left alone 0 1 2 3 4
76. Others not giving you proper credit for your achievements 0 1 2 3 4
77. Feeling lonely even when you are with people 0 1 2 3 4
78. Feeling so restless you couldn’t sit still 0 1 2 3 4
79. Feelings of worthlessness 0 1 2 3 4
80. Feeling that familiar things are strange or unreal 0 1 2 3 4
81. Shouting or throwing things 0 1 2 3 4
82. Feeling afraid you will faint in public 0 1 2 3 4
83. Feeling that people will take advantage of you if you let them 0 1 2 3 4
84. Having thoughts about sex that bother you a lot 0 1 2 3 4
85. The idea that you should be punished for your sins 0 1 2 3 4
86. Feeling pushed to get things done 0 1 2 3 4
87. The idea that something serious is wrong with your body 0 1 2 3 4
88. Never feeling close to another person 0 1 2 3 4
89. Feelings of guilt 0 1 2 3 4
90. The idea that something is wrong with your mind 0 1 2 3 4
检索自“https://wiki.mindseed.cn/index.php?title=90项症状清单&oldid=29505”